Explore Shakespeares presentation of conflict in Act 1 of Romeo and Juliet Essay Example For Students

Investigate Shakespeares introduction of contention in Act 1 of Romeo and Juliet' Essay Romeo and Juliet is a play composed by William Shakespeare and is about a kid and young lady from two families both the same in nobility, who become hopelessly enamored setting aside their family fight. Romeo Montague begins to look all starry eyed at Juliet Capulet. There are films dependent on this story taken from various timeframes. Romeo and Juliet is a well known romantic tale which closes in death. Characters of various characters are highlighted in the story, which makes a differentiating environment and some contention inside the story. Love being the key clash of this story, makes strain and develops the story in an assortment of ways all through the story. Romeo and Juliet are youthful characters who have an energy of affection for each other and the older folks of the families can't help contradicting this. Tybalt, Juliets cousin, unequivocally abhors the Montagues and causes a great deal of rubbing during the primary demonstration. William Shakespeare composed the introduction ensuring that awful destiny was fruitful to present the contentions of the play. The preamble is an Elizabethan piece which develops the subjects of death, strife, love and destiny. Where common blood makes common hands messy, here the crowd is informed that the regular folks in the story battle till somebody is harmed severely. Elizabethans put stock in crystal gazing and all through the entire preface, they talk about destiny disclosing to us that there will be a few passings which can't be forestalled. Utilizing such an impact torments the crowd by keeping them in tension and posing inquiries. The consistent token of death being destiny in the story, is introduced in various ways. Star-crossed sweethearts end their life; which means two darlings are bound for death. The preface permits the crowd to know something that the characters dont. This is called emotional incongruity and Shakespeare utilizes this proficiently to be certain that he has not part with the story so clearly. Doth with their passing cover their folks struggle. Romeo and Juliets love is the main thing that will stop the family fight. Toward the start of the principal scene, two hirelings from the Capulets house bumble in. Being youngsters, Sampson and Gregory utilize sexual quips. Maidenheads, Sampson says this in an indelicate way and implies that he will take the house keepers virginity. Two serving-men from the Montagues house strolled by and afterward Sampson stated, I will chomp my thumb at them, in the Elizabethan occasions, gnawing your thumb at somebody was viewed as an amazingly impolite motion. Starting here forward, the scene grows into an uproar with Tybalt, Benvolio (Romeos companion), the official, the Montagues and the Capulets lastly Prince all entering the scene. In an open spot natural to the two families, the official says Down with the Capulets! Down with the Montagues! A feeling of contention developed through the beginning of the scene due to the two youngsters from the Capulets house indicating an excess of swagger. Love making the greatest clash in the story, numerous pieces are developed in the main demonstration. These are proper to the story and furthermore connection to the Elizabethan subject. Shakespeare makes a feeling of contention through Romeos language. Shakespeare utilizes numerous direct opposites to uncover to the crowd how confounded Romeos feelings are. Romeo utilizes confusing expressions in his discourse to show how discouraged he is feeling. Quill of lead clarifies that his heart used to be light and cheerful yet has now turned overwhelming as a result of his pathetic love for Roseline. Where underneath the forests of the sycamore, sycamore can be associated with adoration. In the event that you separate the word into syc-love (wiped out love) it would imply that he is tired of adoration. Wiped out wellbeing implies that he is solid outwardly and feels better outside, anyway inside himself he feels tired of his adoration for Roseline. Romeos experience of energetic fixation i s communicated through the interesting expressions of affection. He thinks he is no adoration with Rosaline however in actuality, he is simply infatuated with being enamored. .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 , .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 .postImageUrl , .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 , .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10:hover , .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10:visited , .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10:active { border:0!important; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10:active , .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10:hover { mistiness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relative; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-embellishment: underline; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d 1e4db2af10 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uc3033aae28c0931279bc4d1e4db2af10:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Analyze and think about the manner in which Shakespeare has depicted the responses of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to the homicide of King Duncan EssayOn the other hand, Romeos true love towards Juliet additionally makes strife in the story. At the location of the ball, Romeo and Juliet both meet just because and both begin to look all starry eyed at each other. O she doth show the lights to consume brilliant. All consuming, instant adoration causes Romeo to feel energetic towards Juliet and he depicts her like she illuminates the stay with her magnificence. So shows a frigid bird trooping with crows, of the considerable number of young ladi es Romeo has seen, Juliet stands apart among them all. Shakespeare utilizes sensational incongruity here, as the crowd realizes that Romeo is a piece of the Montague family and Juliet is a piece of the Capulet family. Not understanding that Juliet is a Capulet, Romeo believes her to be Like a rich gem which shows that she is valuable to him. Just because, Romeo has begun to look all starry eyed at somebody and subsequently he applauds her like she is a holy messenger from paradise, utilizing strict language: heavenly palmers', holy people lips. delicate sin. Shakespeare builds up a couple of characters practices and characters all through the story, adding to the family struggle going on. Tybalt, a harsh individual from the Capulet family causes numerous contentions in the main demonstration. Tybalts entrance tells the crowd that he is an extremely problematic character, Have at thee weakling! Furthermore, As I abhor heck, all Montagues, and thee. Tybalt doesn't sound exceptionally bargaining which hence adds to the contention between the families. Benvolio portrays Tybalt as red hot which permits the crowd to comprehend the manner by which different characters from the Montague family consider him to be. By and by, at the veiled ball when he sees Romeo, Fetch my blade, kid. Indeed, even before talking Tybalt chooses he needs to get into a battle so there is no way to quiet down. Tybalts appearance in the story makes strain which works to struggle. To strike him dead I opening it not a transgression. Such forceful words are utilized by T ybalt. During the clashing scenes between the Montagues and the Capulets, Shakespeare presents a harmony producer in the scenes to decrease the grinding. When Tybalt attempts to break into a battle in the principal uproar of the story, Benvolio ends up being the harmony producer. In spite of the fact that there are many clashing scenes in the story, Shakespeare endeavors to keep the crowd imagining that not every person is loaded with wrath and outrage with the other family. Benvolio implies kind and cooperative attitude, and simply like his name, he winds up being the harmony creator of the principal scene. Likewise, Prince (the individual who Lady Capulet wishes her little girl, Juliet to get hitched to) shows up as the harmony producer in the principal scene to express the pointlessness of the contention. The Prince being of high class, states unafraid how rowdy the two families are being and he clarifies the way that the Montagues Have threefold upset the calm of our lanes. The Princes discourse is significant as the crowd realize that even Veronas antiquated residents have seen the two families contend and are tired of it. In the Elizabethan occasions, ladies were a major reason for struggle since they had low status and didnt have a very remarkable state in light of the fact that the guys commanded the general public. Anyway in Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare utilizes the ladies of the houses to turn into the peacemakers. Shakespeare differentiates the ladies of this story to the Elizabethan ladies in light of the fact that in Romeo and Juliet the ladies of the house appear to have halted the contention by clarifying that there is no explanation behind physical battles when sifting through something, Why call you for a blade and Thou will not mix one foot to look for an adversary. .ue8629072f72bf1c380a8a6f776b45

Financial Statement Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fiscal summary Analysis - Essay Example If you don't mind see Appendix A. A similar conduct might be seen as far as working edge and gross edges for that years individually. These are generally applicable proof of lackluster showing for the horrible showing of Vodafone. It was uniquely for the years 2004 and 2003 that the organization had positive gross edge. At the end of the day, the organization has in truth been losing cash for the years 2003 through 2006. For reasons for looking at the company’s working edge of the two organizations against the business normal, Vodafone is performing inadequately thought about France Telecom where normal for working edge 17% as taken from MSN (2008) under the media transmission administrations. France Telecom had really the equivalent 17% normal throughout the previous four years while Vodafone’s normal for a similar period, was - 29%. If you don't mind see Appendix A. Indeed, even as far as Return of Assets (ROA, Vodafone had - 8%, - 7%, - 7%, and - 7% for the years 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2003 individually which faired inadequately again contrasted and France Telecom’ s 6%, 23%, 19% and 32% for that years separately. The aftereffects of these proportions additionally affirmed before perception in negative net overall revenue for Vodafone. The equivalent less alluring or productivity is additionally seen as far as Return of Equity where Vodafone appeared - 6%, - 5%, - 6%, - 6% for the years 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2003 separately which are certainly lower than that of France Telecom which appeared - 6%, 2%, 5%, 3% and 4% for that years individually. If it's not too much trouble see Appendix A. In spite of the fact that France Telecom likewise reflected negative ROE for 2006, it might be called attention to that years prior to the organization were in fact plainly progressively productive. It might be affirmed that two proportions have various purposes. ROA quantifies how effective administration of organization was as far as resources utilized in business while ROE gauges how

Police Brutality Essays (1188 words) - Human Rights Abuses

Police Brutality Tragically, these days the individuals who should ensure us and help us when we are out of luck, can't be trusted. Police fierceness has consistently been an issue, however there's been a sensational ascent in police murders and brutalization of residents. Police Brutality is anything from badgering from a cop to being killed by one. Ayo Martini; Live visit room, 10/27/99 www.mtv.com Obviously, badgering is considerably more typical than being killed by a cop. Here are a few instances of police mercilessness that have happened in the previous year or two. Will Smith, a well known on-screen character and rapper is pulled over once per week. At the point when he asks the officials for what good reason he's being pulled over, they just answer since he is dark and he has a great vehicle. Youngsters get followed continually, in light of the fact that the official needs to ensure they aren't falling into any difficulty. Sadly, these issues are nothing contrasted with these next cases. Detainees are executed, simply after they have been tied to limitations for quite a long time. They were made to endure before they were slaughtered. A young ladies was in a diabetic unconsciousness in her vehicle. She was taken shots at and slaughtered in light of the fact that the police felt compromised by her. A youngster, sitting in his vehicle with weapons pointed at him from each c ourse had to place his hands noticeable all around. At the point when he did so he was shot to death in light of the fact that an official idea he saw a firearm. This multi year old was honest and unarmed. Four cops moved toward a man's entryway in scan for a speculated attacker. Despite the fact that this man was blameless and unarmed, he was taken shots at multiple times and killed. In any event two cops tormented a Haitian settler by driving the handle of a latrine unclogger into his rectum and punctured his small digestive system. At that point they put the unclogger in his mouth and considered him a racial name and said they'd murder him in the event that he said anything. The most popular of all police fierceness cases is, obviously, Rodney King's case. On March 3, 1991, four Los Angeles cops beat Rodney King as eleven different officials remained by viewing. Rodney King was in a fast vehicle pursue with the officials, when his vehicle was at long last halted, he dithered to escape his vehicle. At the point when he did, he was said to seize the officials. He was hit by two darts from an immobilizer, which didn't appear to work. Rodney King despite everything would not comply with the officials and untruth level on the ground. Yet, in under two minutes, he was hit with 56 twirly doo blows and kicked multiple times. He experienced eleven skull cracks, mind harm, broken bones, took out teeth and kidney harm. Likewise, enthusiastic and physical injury. Not in all cases are the survivors of police mercilessness honest, clearly, as should be obvious in Rodney Kings case. However, regardless of how inconsiderate or uncoopitive a suspect is being, this extrao rdinary power from officials ought not be utilized. Another case originates from the opposite side. This one is about a man named Mumia Abu-Jamal. In 1982, he was shielding himself and his sibling from the ruthless power of a cop. Mumia Abu-Jamal shot a cop to secure himself. He was condemned to capital punishment. At the point when a cop kills a man to ensure himself, he strolls free since's everything an aspect of his responsibilities. Police have been interrogated concerning why there is such a large amount of this event. Some state they are simply carrying out their responsibility. Isn't their business to serve and ensure? They have likewise said that this is on the grounds that they are under so much weight. Another reason given is that being a cop is the most perilous activity in America, and they are simply in dread for their own lives. In any case, as per the New York magistrate of police, the normal cop is never going to pull his firearm during his whole profession. A cop is at half danger of death and injury at work than is a rancher, truck driver or lumberjack and extensively not exactly a substantial development specialist, roofer or coal digger. An official

Fossil Fuels And Its Effects On Our Lives - 1847 Words

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Law of evidence - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1990 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Law of evidence – scenario based The present scenario involves a number of substantive and procedural considerations. These are organised into groupings of identification evidence, alibi, the applicability of special measures, witness competence and compellability, and considerations of burden of proof. The scenario also lends itself to a discussion of trial tactics. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Law of evidence" essay for you Create order Tactical considerations for both the prosecution and the defence will dictate the outcome of a number of the evidentiary and procedural issues highlighted here. The following analysis regarding the quality of Wendy’s eye witness description and subsequent video identification assumes that the police complied with all of the necessary provisions of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act[1] in the securing of the identification evidence (including any identification parade).[2] The discrepancies between Wendy’s initial description and the video identification of Mark as the perpetrator go to weight and not the admissibility of this evidence. The circumstances of the identification, involving Wendy’s participation in the frightening events in which she made her initial observation warrant an appropriate jury direction. The evidence of Timmy is corroborative of Wendy’s position concerning the unfolding of the occurrence, the number of participants, and the perpetrator‘s skin colour. This evidence also requires weight considerations due to the limitations of this witness. The eyewitness evidence is generally subject to a Turnbull[3] styled direction regarding its potential frailties. The direction must deal with the circumstances in which the identification was made and any weaknesses in the identification. The direction must identify the evidence that the trial judge determines as capable of supporting the identification; the judge should give a general warning, even in cases of recognition, of the dangers in convicting on identification evidence[4]. The extent (and potential forcefulness) of the jury warning must also be considered in light of the evidence of Sonya and Nigel as noted below. As in Keane, there is no formula or catechism for the Turnbull warning.[5] However, while a failure to observe the Turnbull guidelines here might not automatically serve to quash a conviction, such a result is very likely.[6] It must be also noted that a prima facie case of murder and aggravated burglary might be established by the prosecution as against Mark on the evidence of Wendy and Timmy alone. The evidence of Sonya regarding Mark is potentially powerful corroborative ‘consciousness of guilt’ evidence; without an explanation from Mark (he is not legally obligated to provide one), the burning of clothing coupled with the eyewitness evidence, even with its uncertainties, would be compelling. Sonja’ witness status is discussed below.[7] The scenario provides that Mark’s defence will be one of alibi. If the evidence of Wendy is presented in a poor or uncertain fashion, given that Timmy cannot positively identify the perpetrators and entirely corroborate Wendy’ evidence, Mark may decide that he shall not testify and expose himself to cross examination.[8] His alibi is very weak, given that the corroborating prostitute is not available. Conversely, there is no evi dence to suggest that the alibi is fabricated so as to be tendered as part of the prosecution case in chief.[9] Assuming that Mark testifies as to his alibi, the credibility of the tendered alibi is not fundamental to the determination of Mark’s guilt or innocence on the substantive charges. This circumstance would necessarily attract a Lucas[10] warning to the jury, that ‘†¦Even if you conclude that the alibi was false that does not itself entitle you to convict the defendant. The Crown must still make you sure of his guilt. An alibi is sometimes invented to bolster a genuine defence.’ [11]†¦the fact that the defendant has told lies†¦ does not in itself indicate guilt. The jury should be invited to consider other explanations why the defendant might have lied, including any he proffers himself during the trial.’[12] Nigel is jointly charged with Mark and therefore his ability to testify against Mark is rooted in distinct and alternati ve procedural considerations. As a co-defendant, Nigel is not a compellable witness against Mark. Nigel has an unfettered right to testify in his own defence. Nigel would be exposed to cross – examination from both the prosecution and Mark at large regarding his involvement in the entire transaction. The ability of the prosecution to prosecute Mark in a separate proceeding, with Nigel called as a prosecution witness involves tactical issues that extend beyond the scope of the present scenario, including possible plea bargains and a consideration of the accomplice rules.[13] The purported defence of duress, like alibi, is difficult but not impossible to maintain without corroboration. It would attract what some academic commentators refer to as a ‘tactical’, not legal burden of proof. There is no evidentiary prohibition against its tender without corroboration; the practical considerations of standard of proof are referenced below.[14] There is insufficie nt information contained in the scenario to determine the likelihood of a duress defence being successfully advanced by Nigel, save for the difference in the ages of each defendant. Nigel’s evidence carries a potential three pronged effect – it potentially rebuts the defence of alibi tendered by Mark; subject to its factual basis, it may confirm Mark’s role as the sole actor in the crime; it may be a complete defence to both murder and aggravated burglary, or alternatively (subject to the particulars) it may establish a reduced level of participation and corresponding culpability on Nigel’s part. All of these issues are for the jury, once properly instructed.[15] The nature of the trial would involve consideration of the Special Measures provisions of the Criminal Procedure Rules.[16] Timmy would be subject to the implementation of such procedures as of right given his age of 12 years.[17] Specific rule The availability of a designated special me asure for Sonja is dependant upon the related stress, the reluctance to testify and fear attributed to Mark. The scenario as stated does not provide a factual basis as to why Sonja fears Mark or what unusual stresses are caused by the proceeding (all witnesses likely sustain a measure of stress by participating in a criminal trial; few witnesses are provided with the special measures provisions). The prosecution must apply for the special measures or the court may direct same of its own motion. [18] The court has a clear power to vary a special measure once same has been directed. The allowance of the special measure is a flexible remedy, one that must be balanced against the traditional rule of law that a defendant be permitted to face his accuser; the personal comfort or convenience of a witness is not a basis for the order. This aspect of the process has been explained as ‘We wish to emphasise that judges may keep a Special Measures Direction under review. A Special M easures Direction is intended to give confidence to the witnesses and part of that confidence derives from the assurance that the matter will be handled as the direction has stipulated. However, that must not prevent a judge, who feels that a variation to the direction will help the trial proceed properly, from making such a variation[19]†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ It is clear that given the serious nature of the present offences, coupled with the overriding imperatives to ensure that the defence is permitted the opportunity to make full answer and defence, the special measures must be supported by facts beyond mere ‘stress’, when objectively considered.[20] The court must be satisfied that the quality of the evidence tendered would be diminished if no measures were taken.[21] There is no case law on this point, but it is rationale to conclude that a reasonable juror will invariably wonder ‘why’ an adult witness is testifying via video link or other special measu res means. If Nigel testifies in his own defence, he shall not be permitted the benefit of any special measures.[22] The burden of proof with respect to the offences alleged in the scenario remains with the prosecution throughout the proceeding; it does not legally shift to the defence based upon the defences tendered. If Mark testifies to an alibi, should the alibi raise a reasonable doubt as to his guilt, without having been proven to any standard, Mark must be acquitted. Similarly, if Nigel testifies that he acted under duress, the defence need not be proven to be effective in his defence; it must raise a reasonable doubt. Although the facts presented are silent on the point, should Nigel allege that his duress was in the nature of resulting in a diminished responsibility for the crimes alleged, so as to reduce his level of culpability; such defences carry an implicit requirement for medical or expert evidence to corroborate the defence contention.[23] Based on the in formation provided, all of the prospective witnesses named are competent to testify at trial. All of the witnesses are adults, save for Timmy. There is nothing on the facts to suggest that Timmy would be unable to understand the nature of the proceedings or otherwise not understand the questions he might be asked[24]. The compellability of the witnesses is subject to other considerations. Sonja’s compellability will turn on how permanent or irreconcilable her marital difference may be with Mark regarding her ‘recent’ estrangement. The statute may also provide an avenue to compel Sonja to testify if the court were persuaded that the offences naturally resulted in Timmy as a child victim of the aggravated burglary.[25]As noted above, Nigel is not a compellable witness so long as he remains a co-defendant. The distinction between the burden of proof and the standard of proof is plain in the scenario. The prosecution bears the burden of proving both charges to a beyond a reasonable doubt standard. As noted above[26], the scenario raises a clear common sense consideration – if the prosecution case was tendered at its highest, the facts would demand an explanation from the defence or a finding of guilt would be inevitable. Bibliography Crown Prosecution Service / Visual Identification of Suspects https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/section13/chapter_a.html (accessed January 4, 2007) Hannibal, Martin and Lisa Mountford LPC Handbook on Criminal Litigation 2006-07 2006 Edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006) Law Commission, Partial Defences to Murder, 2004 Pattenden, Rosemary Judicial Discretion and Criminal Litigation (Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1990) Roberts, Paul and Adrian Zuckerman Criminal Evidence First Edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) Table of Cases Forbes, R v [2001] 1 AC 473 Hoskyn, R v[1979] AC 474 J v B [2002] EWCA Civ 1661 Kean, R v (1977) 65 Cr App R 247, 248 Nolan, R v [2002] EWCA Crim 464 (15th February, 2002) Peacock, R v [1997] EWCA Crim 2780 (3rd November, 1997) Sirrs and Povey, R v [2006] EWCA Crim 3185 (15 December 2006) Turnbull, R v (1976) 63 Cr. App. R. 132 Wong Ka Shum, R v [1996] 1 HKC 174) Table of Statutes Criminal Procedure Rules, Part 29 (Department of Constitutional Affairs), https://www.dca.gov.uk/criminal/procrules_fin/contents/rules/part_29.htm (accessed January 5, 2007) Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act. 1999 Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 1 Footnotes [1] Police and Criminal Evidence Act, 1984 as amended [2] Nolan, R v [2002] EWCA Crim 464 [3] R. v Turnbull, [1976] 63 Cr. App. R. 132 [4] Pattenden, Rosemary Judicial Discretion and Criminal Litigation, 347 [5] Keane (1977) 65 Cr App R 247, 248 [6] Pattenden, ibid; a judge sitting alone is bound by the same requirements R v. Wong Ka Shum [1996] 1 HKC 174) [7] p. 4 [8] See Criminal Procedure rules re exchange of alibi particulars [9] ibid [10] R v. Harron, as discussed at 1996 Crim.L.R. 581 is one exam [11] Ibid; see also Peacock, R v [1997] EWCA Crim 2780 [12] ibid [13] Nigel is a prime ‘plea bargain’ example; youth, stated lower level of involvement, alleged duress, etc. [14] The use of terms such as ‘tactical’ burdens are an appreciation that in some cases, while the party is not legally obligated to testify, their testimony is necessary form a practical perspective if they seek to avoid an adverse conclusion. [ 15] Hannibal, 2006 [16] Criminal Procedure Rules, Part 29 [17] Ibid. s 16 [18] Ibid s 17-20 [19] Sirrs and Povey, R v [2006] EWCA Crim 3185 [20] Part 29 [21] Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act. 1999, s.17 [22] Part 29, ibid [23] Law Commission, Partial Defences to Murder, 2004 useful general rules re duress defence [24] Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act. 1999, s.53 [25] Section 80, Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (children under 16 years) [26] See n 14

Antebellum Slavery The Great North-South Divide - 781 Words

The people of a country will not always agree on national policies; such was the case after the American Revolution. As what is known as the antebellum period began, the American Nation was divided into the North and South by many issues but most economic issues arising from western expansion and slavery. While the North had abolished slavery, the South insisted on slavery for the cultivation of their cash crops especially cotton. The south had religious and racial justifications for the institution of slavery and even went so far as to proclaim slavery was for the slave’s own benefit. The North, motivated by the second Great Awakening however, had women and the Abolitionist movement that regarded slavery as evil and an institution that†¦show more content†¦Mercilessly whipped for no reason, slaves were also raped and shackled or muzzled. While the North was horrified by such atrocities, the South saw this as acceptable. In terms of slavery the North and South were divided in that both parties believed they were right and that their different stances on slavery were each backed by God. While the North believed God’s word deemed inhumane, the South believed that it was their God given right to own slaves. The South defended slavery felt they had the religious, racial backing to support their stance and were ultimately doing the slaves a service as they would not succeed if left to fend for themselves. Southern slave owners also deemed slaves intellectually inept to do anything more than be slaves as was seen in the mockery of slaves in minstrel shows. Southern slave owners also believed the slave was so racially inferior having a master to feed and clothe him was his salvation and therefore slavery was a good thing for black people. â€Å"Except that from inferiority, or rather peculiarity, of race, almost all negroes require masters† (Fitzhugh). Justifications for slavery even went so far as to say it was religiously acceptable as it dated back all the way back to the Egyptians and the Bible spewed verses asking servants to obey their masters. Ironically, opposition for slavery also stemmed from religion. The North opposed it however slavery backed by religion and the Constitution feltShow MoreRelatedEssay on Slavery in America: From Necessary to Evil 1182 Words   |  5 Pagescentury, slaves across the south were treated like beasts of burden, thus traded, sold, and ranked not among beings, but among things, as an article of property. Throughout the colonial period slavery continued to expand across the south, yet northerners, especially New Englanders, never adopted slavery like to their southern neighbors. 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Slavery had some highRead MoreHalf Slave And Half Free Essay2077 Words   |  9 PagesLevine, Levine discusses the complex issues that arose during the Antebellum Era in America that fueled the eruption of the Civil War. According to Levine, tension arose due to conflicting interests in the depths of the hard worker based economy of the reciprocal South and the free vigorous economy of the North which boiled up to a point that led the newly formed nation to a civil war. Levine starts off by giving a brief history of slavery and shifts to discussing the way in which it revolutionized theRead MoreThe Civil War And Reconstruction Essay2119 Words   |  9 Pageswars are the result of social change, talks of revolution, institution of slavery and connection to power and liberation. There are many reasons that attribute to the institution of slavery becoming a big determinant in the Civil War and in American History. 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American Self Perception vs. The Truth Essay Example For Students

American Self Perception vs. The Truth Essay Lee Greenwood, a song writer, describes the emotion involved inAmerican self-perception in a song by saying, Im proud to be an American. Forat least I know Im free. Freedom is the founding pillar of the American self-perception. Self-perception is the culmination of how one views oneself. Otheraspects which make up American self-perception are wealth, power, and thepursuance of happiness. Self-perceptions, whether confined to the individual orconfined to an entire country, usually leave out negative aspects such ashypocrisy. When dealing with the perception of a country, the true image of asociety comes from self, or internal perceptions, combined with the externalperceptions from other countries. The foundation of American self-perception is freedom. Freedom of speechand movement are virtual institutions in the United States. Such freedoms ofspeech and movement are outlined in the United States Constitution. Americansbelieve the constitution sketches the American Dream which is having a family,money, and the freedom to pursue happiness. Every American will stand by theline derived from the Constitution, All men are created equal. In actuality,the constitution outlined the freedom for rich white landowners to achieveunchecked power and wealth. At the time of the framing of the constitution,blacks were slaves thus all men were NOT created equal. Women were equallyexcluded from the constitution as suffrage wasnt even a consideration at thetime. The only class groups which the American Constitution outlined freedom forwere wealthy European immigrants fleeing their own land for such reasons astaxes. After such movements as Suffrage and Civil Rights, all Americans weregranted indiv idual rights of freedom thus approaching equality. The American self-perception of living a life of virtual completefreedom parallels the American stand on its belief of democracy. Americansfeel that a democratic government is the only possible administration which canbe deemed acceptable in todays world system. Such a deep rooted belief indemocracy instills a fear and dislike of any other form of government. Look atAmerican policies towards the Soviet Union after the second world war. TheAmerican enemy image of the Soviets was that of a populace of evil and cleverpeople who pushed their form of government upon weak nations all over the world. The base of Soviet fear was based and strengthened not on fact but a fear of theunknown. The American response to the Soviets was to contain U.S.S.R throughpolitical and military interventions in countries where there was a possibilityof the formation of a communist government. American intervention dominated thewestern hemisphere as a bipolar world system arose with the United States in thewest and the Soviet Union in the east. By using extensive intervention, theUnited States turned incredibly hypocritical as they were pushing their form ofgovernment upon smaller, weaker countries which were dependent on American aid. This is no different than what the evil Soviet Union was doing in the easternhemisphere. Also by forcing American government style upon other nations, theUnited States was restricting the choice and freedom of independent states. Thisthreatening of choice contradicts the American belief that every country shouldbe democratic. Again another form of hypocrisy has occurred in American self-perceptions and beliefs. Other nations view America slightly differently than what the Americanself-perception details. Lets take the Polish perception of Americans. Eversince the Polish Solidarnosc movement of the late 1980s, America has been thereto lend a helping democratic hand. Help from the United States come in theforms of economic aid and increased trade. For the United States, a democraticsphere of influence in a former Eastern Bloc country was considered to be aprized possession. To Poland and the Polish people, America was doing more thanhelping democratic reform, they were trying to mold Poland into a mirror imageof the United States just as the Soviets tried to mold Poland into a miniatureSoviet Republic. This overbearance of American help borders on imperialism. Suchoverbearance which disturbs the Polish people is the recognition of suchAmerican holidays as the Fourth of July. All over Poland, particularly in Warsaw,extensive news coverage of American Independence Day spans the entire daythroug h such mediums as television, radio, and newspaper. Poles view this asAmericans having a superiority complex. While the general consensus all overPoland is that help from America is a godsend, Many Poles agree that theintermingling of American culture with Polish culture is unacceptable. Neverhas the US ever extended another country such equal treatment. A large sectionof the Polish population views Americans as wealthy and powerful on thepositive side, and imperialistic and egotistical on the negative side. .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 , .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .postImageUrl , .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 , .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319:hover , .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319:visited , .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319:active { border:0!important; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319:active , .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319 .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uee849792b3cc07f940dbb3702debf319:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Harrison Bergeron EssayThe American true image is comprised of more than self-perception. Howother countries and cultures perceive Americans is a important part of what ittruly means to be an American. Americans see themselves as free and righteouswhile other countries like Poland view Americans as ethnocentric. What manyAmericans fail to see in their self-perception is, that intermingled withintheir beliefs and practices, hypocrisy. Hypocrisy dominated the Americancontainment policy of the Soviet Union in the Cold War era. As Americans werecondemning the Soviets for pushing a communist government, Americans themselveswere pushing democracy in weaker, dependent states. To find the truth of what itis to be American, you must combine other countries perceptions into your own,otherwise you will only achieve half the truth. Category: History

In September Of 490 BC. The Greco-Persian War Rages On In The Marathon

In September of 490 BC. The Greco-Persian war rages on in the Marathon Plain of Northwest Attica. The Athenians have just repulsed the first Persian invasion of Greece. The Greek army was vested to ten different generals each controlling one day of battle. The generals were evenly divided on whether to wait for the Persians to attack or to attack them. A civil official, Callimachus, who decided to attack, broke the tie. Four of the generals ceded their commands to the Athenian general Miltiades making him commander in chief. The Greeks did not want to face the Persian cavalry on the open plain, but before dawn the Greeks learned the cavalry was temporarily absent from the Persian camp. Miltiades ordered a general attack on the Persian army. He led his contingent of 10,000 Athenians and 1,000 Plataeans against the Persian force of 15,000. By re-enforcing his battle lines flank thus decoying the Persians best troops into pushing back his center where they were surrounded by inward-whee ling Greek wings. According to legend an Athenian messenger was sent from Marathon to Athens, a distance of 25 miles, where he announced the Persian defeat before dying of exhaustion. That tale became the basis for the modern marathon race. Herodotus tells that a trained runner Pheidippides was sent from Athens to Sparta before the battle to request assistance from the Spartans. He is said to have run some 150 miles in about two days. Through all the fighting there was one tradition that continued through all the ages. For centuries Olympic games have never stopped. The Olympian games were celebrated in the summer every four years in the sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia. The order of events is really not known but they believe that the first day was devoted for sacrifices to the gods. The second day began with foot races. Spectators gathered in the stadion, an oblong area enclosed by sloping banks of earth. On other days wrestling, boxing, and the pancratium, a combination of the two, was held. In the first of the sports the object was to throw your opponent to the ground three times. Contestants in boxing would originally wrap strips of soft leather over their fingertips to deaden the blows; they then started using hard leather weighted with metal. They fought until one opponent acknowledged defeat. Horse racing and a pentathlon next, the pentathlon included sprinting, long jumping, javelin, discus, and wrestling. Ev ery event that the ancient Olympians had, we now have, and the Olympics is still a chance for life long enemies to put aside their weapons and compete as gentlemen. The Olympic games are a way for all kinds to get along if only for a short time. By Josh Rudolph

Black Market Essays

Black Market Essays Black Market Essay Black Market Essay Essay Topic: Turtle Island I. Introduction The black market is known for the illegal trade that is taking topographic point. The market itself is hidden from the public’s oculus due to the province of the goods being traded. We are all cognizant that this sort of industry exists. yet none is truly making anything to set a halt to it. particularly now that even endangered species are available in the market. Or even if there are attempts being done. it is still non plenty. Trading of some of the most endangered species there is may ensue to assorted effects and that’s what our study would undertake. Endangered species would ever be connected to black market and so it would be included in this research. Basically we would discourse about what causes black market. how it runs and why people resort to acquiring involved in this. We would besides be having the different animate beings that are available in the black market. Articles and different researches would besides be added. and of class how this affects the ho meostasis in our environment. II. Black Market A black market is one where the purchasing and merchandising of merchandises and services take topographic point in an illegal mode. A black economic system is a extremely organized and huge market where the regular revenue enhancement regulations and norms of trade are non adhered to. A black market is known by several names. including black economic system. belowground market. shadow economic system. underdog and parallel economic system. In our study we would concentrate on the goods that are being sold in the black market which are doing the hazard of certain species. The supposedly kept up rare animate beings were being hunted for some stuffs which are capable to illegal trading. Some of the factors which contribute to the being of black market are low handiness of an point in the market. overpricing of the point in the local and international market. inordinate ordinances in the imposts. corruptness and less ordinances refering these things which produces laxness. In consequence. the national income would be low. states take parting in the black market would be criticized. no revenue enhancement gross. deficiency of ordinance and people learn to freely interrupt the jurisprudence and do what they want. For illustration. the functionaries of the Philippines Government reported that husbandmans who trap native parrots and sell them to wildlife sellers make around $ 12 ( 500 Philippine Pesos ) per bird. However. the sellers who buy the birds and so resell it on the black market can do up to 5 times that amount on norm. There have besides been studies of birds of quarry in the state being sold for every bit much as $ 20. 000. Another common illustration is the ivory trade in the commercial. frequently illicitly from the tusk ivories of the river horse. seahorse. narwal. mammoth. and most normally. Asiatic and African elephants. Ivory has been traded for 100s of old ages by people in such parts as Greenland. Alaska. and Siberia. The trade. in more recent times. has led to hazard of species. ensuing in limitations and prohibitions. Whatever the ground is. we truly can non fault any state or any authorities on why a black market really exists in our clip today. The black market caters to the demands of those purchasers that are in demand of specific points that are practically illegal so they could sell it to others. In short. the black market is a topographic point where every illegal point is available at a low monetary value. Peoples who take portion in this are protected in some sort of secretiveness that values privateness. Peoples resort to black market because of the handiness of the points that are rare to happen. For illustration are the endangered species being smuggled. The degree of demand for these things is high merely because of the rarity it possesses. Peoples who tend to purchase these things are really after these alien points which are rare to happen. Some of it are available lawfully but non the endangered species. Even if they are. it will be excessively expensive. compared to the black market that offers low monetary values and speedy handiness. The black market is unsafe yet people are turning a blind oculus about it. They don’t want to acquire involved in this type of dealing because some of the world’s most powerful people are regular purchasers. We are all cognizant that this exists. yet no 1 has the bravery to set a halt to this. How can we halt the smuggling of endangered species when no 1 wants to cognize what is truly traveling on about it? III. Endangered Species If we are to discourse the black market sing animate beings. we can non acquire off with discoursing one of its roots. endangered species. The Philippines has been identified by Conservation International as one of the biologically richest states in the universe. Rain forest originally covered most of the 7. 100 of the Philippines islands. but inordinate glade of the land has threatened many of the native animate being species. As of 2010. merely approximately 7 per centum of the original wood remains. The IUCN Red List. a widely recognized rating of threatened works and carnal species. classifies many animate beings in the Philippines as endangered or critically endangered. which means they face a really high or highly high hazard of extinction. By definition. an endangered species is a native species that faces a important hazard of extinction in the close hereafter throughout all or a important part of its scope. Such species may be worsening in figure due to menaces such as habit at devastation. clime alteration. or force per unit area from invasive species. While the population size of a species is a factor. there is no fit number of populating members below which a species is defined as endangered. For case. a species with a million life members. all of which are clustered in one little country. could be considered endangered ; whereas another species holding a smaller figure of members. but dispersed across a wide country. might non be considered endangered. Another factor is a species’ reproduction informations. such as the frequence of reproduction. the mean figure of offspring. and their endurance rate. Harmonizing to the Endangered Species Act of 1973. a species can be listed as endangered if it is threatened by any of the followers: the present or threatened devastation. alteration. or curtailment of its home ground or scope ; use for commercial. featuring. scientific. or educational intents at degrees that harmfully affect it ; disease or predation ; absence of regulative mechanisms adequate to forestall the diminution of a species or debasement of its home ground and other natural or semisynthetic factors impacting its continued being ( which sometimes be inevitable no affair what attempts ) . Speciess all over the universe are hunted illicitly ( besides known as poaching ) . When huntsmans ignore governmental regulations that regulate the figure of animate beings that should be hunted. they cut down populations to the point that species become endangered. Animal furs and other organic structure parts are besides in secret smuggled across boundary lines and sold through black market webs of purchasers who pay high monetary values for illegal animate being merchandises to be displayed as ornaments or used in decorative merchandises. Even legal hunting. fishing. and assemblage of wild species can take to population decreases that force species to go endangered. Unrestricted whaling during the twentieth century is an illustration of overuse. Over-hunting for nutrient. unrecorded Animal trade. collectable points ( i. e. Calamian Deer normally found merely in the Calamianes. a group of islands in Northern Palawan. This species has been declared endangered by the IUCN in 1996 because people over hunt them for the award of their meat and antlers for a collectable points ) . devastation of home ground. runing for its meat and leather and bird trading are merely some of the causes of the endangered species in the Philippines. Unlike popular belief that animate beings are the lone species which can be considered endangered. trees are besides included in this list and few of its causes are over-collection for cosmetic intents. over reaping. transition of land for agribusiness. over-collection as bonsai or sway garden workss ) . aggregation of the whole works for cosmetic intents ; fruit for nutrient ; leaves for raincoat-making. bags. chapeaus. baskets. and others and grass fires. The effects of a species acquiring nonextant can ensue in ruinous effects in an ecosystem. Endangered species may be helpful in extension and reproduction of some other species ( pollenation. seed dispersion. breakage of seed screen. etc ) if they get nonextant those species will besides come in danger zone. There would besides be an ecological instability wherein the nature itself will be affected negatively once a species become endangered. Here in the Philippiness. there are legion species which are now considered endangered. One is the Philippine bird of Jove which is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN Red List with studies naming their population between 180 to 500 bird of Joves is one of them. The species is protected by Philippine jurisprudence and persons found guilty of killing them can confront a 12-year prison sentence every bit good as heavy mulcts. Deforestation is the primary menace to the Philippine eagle’s population. although juvenile bird of Joves are sometimes caught in traps set for other animate beings. IV. Synthesis As with forest lands. wildlife resources are besides owned by the State. As wildlife is indispensable to continue biological diverseness. the State is besides duty edge to protect our country’s wildlife resources. Among the national Torahs that protect our wildlife resources include: PD 705 ( 1975 ) otherwise known as the Revised Forestry Code of the Philippines which mandates the protection of forest lands. including the preservation of wildlife and modulating the hunting thereof ; PD 1152 of the Philippine Environment Code of 1977 which mandates the DENR to set up a system of national development and preservation of wildlife resources and to promote citizens’ engagement in the care and/or sweetening of their uninterrupted productiveness by: modulating the selling of threatened wildlife resources. reexamining all bing regulations and ordinances on the development of wildlife resources. and conserving the threatened species of wild zoologies ; Republic Act ( RA ) 8485 or the Animal Welfare Act of 1998 which intends to protect and advance the public assistance of all animate beings in the Philippines by modulating the constitution and operations of all installations utilized for engendering. keeping. maintaining. handling. or preparation of all animate beings either as objects of trade or as household pets ; RA 7160 or the Local Government Code which mandates local authorities units to portion with the national authorities the duty in the care of ecological balance within their territorial legal powers ; and RA 7586 of the National Integrated Protected Areas System of 1992 which established protected countries for the protection of biological diverseness At the international degree. the Philippines is a member of ASEAN which is recommending biodiversity preservation and wildlife protection through the ASEAN Working Group on Nature Conservation and Biodiversity ( AWGNCB ) . and the ASEAN Regional Center for Biodiversity C onservation. Besides. the Philippines is a signer to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ( CITES ) in 1981. This pact aims to modulate the international trade of wildlife species. its parts and byproducts. It sets international policies on trade of wildlife which include the issue of CITES Export. Import or Re-export Permit for species listed under CITES Appendices. It prohibits the trade of CITES species unless the persons for trade are bred in imprisonment in CITES-registered installations. The pact requires member-countries to denominate CITES Management and Scientific Authorities that will guarantee the rigorous execution of CITES ordinances. The Philippines besides ratified its rank in two other international conventions: the Convention on Biological Diversity ( CBD ) and the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species ( CMS ) . The member-countries to the CBD are obliged. among others. to conserve sites noted for rich biological diverseness. develop national model on biodiversity preservation and guarantee that any usage of biodiversity is sustainable and just ( CBD Text. PAWB ) . The CMS. on the other manus. requires member-countries to. among others. follow rigorous protection steps for migratory species. particularly those categorized as being in danger of extinction. and their home grounds. V. Articles Endangered polo-necks smuggled to HK returned to Palawan By: Redento D. Anda of PDI PUERTO PRINCESA CITY–Palawan on Thursday received from Hong Kong governments a cargo of rare and critically endangered fresh water polo-necks and other animate beings extremely prized in the black market pet trade which were confiscated from a going Chinese national last hebdomad. The returned cargo included 39 Philippine forest turtles–a rare species extremely sought in international favored trade and found merely in Palawan– . 19 Mindanao H2O proctors. 49 Asiatic box polo-necks and a reticulated python. Palawan Gov. Abraham Kahlil Mitra received the animate beings and had them instantly turned over to the preservation NGO Katala Foundation for rehabilitation and eventual release back to the natural state. Mitra noted that the shipper. a certain Zhang Wen Wei who was apprehended by Hong Kong governments last June 14. was the same individual arrested and detained for six hebdomads in February this twelvemonth for trying to smuggle into China the same carnal speci es in big measures. Wei reportedly obtained his release from a Hong Kong gaol and was able to go back to the Philippines in March to roll up the prized animate beings from providers in Palawan and in Mindanao. Wei was detained in Hong Kong afresh after Chinese governments found a sum of 137 reptilians in his luggage. The animate beings were shipped back to the Philippines Tuesday and was foremost received by the DENR Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau before the majority were transported back to Palawan. Some of the animate beings that reportedly came from other parts of the state were still under the attention of PAWB. Former senator Miguel Zubiri. chair of Katala Foundation. said the polo-necks and the other animate beings will foremost undergo rehabilitation before they are released back into the wild. Zubiri expressed defeat over the alleged failure of Philippine airdrome governments to observe the cargo and prevent it from go forthing the state. Mitra. for his portion. said the provincial authorities will ask for imposts and airdrome functionaries to look before the provincial board for oppugning on why it seems our ability to observe cargos like this is really weak. Mitra added that the provincial authorities will go through a step to declare the Chinese national a persona non grata . The Filipino wood polo-neck ( Siebenrockiella leytensis ) is recorded as found merely in northern Palawan. It is listed in the IUCN international ruddy list as critically endangered. Dr. Sabine Schoppe. a scientist from Katala Foundation. said the polo-necks are being sold in the Hong Kong black market at monetary values runing from US $ 4. 000 to 3. 000 euros. Ivory Worship By Bryan Christy of National Geographic Thousands of elephants die each twelvemonth so that their ivories can be carved into spiritual objects. Can the slaughter be stopped? In an overfilled church Monsignor Cristobal Garcia. one of the best known tusk aggregators in the Philippines. leads an unusual rite honouring the nation’s most of import spiritual icon. the Santo Nino de Cebu ( Holy Child of Cebu ) . The ceremonial. which he conducts yearly on Cebu. is called the Hubo. from a Cebuano word significance to undress. Several communion table male childs work together to undress a little wooden statue of Christ dressed as a male monarch. a reproduction of an icon fans believe Ferdinand Magellan brought to the island in 1521. They remove its little Crown. ruddy ness. and bantam boots. and strip off its surprisingly layered underclothes. Then the Monsignor takes the icon. while altar male childs conceal it with a small white towel. and dunks it in several barrels of H2O. making his church’s sanctum H2O for the twelvemonth. to be sold outdoors. Garcia is a heavy adult male with a lazy left oculus and bad articulatio genuss. In the mid-1980s. harmonizing to a 2005 study in the Dallas Morning News and a related case. Garcia. piece functioning as a priest at St. Dominic’s of Los Angeles. California. sexually abused an communion table male child in his early teens and was dismissed. Back in the Philippines. he was promoted to monsignor and made president of Cebu’s Archdiocesan Commission on Worship. That made him caput of protocol for the country’s largest Roman Catholic archdiocese. a flock of about four million people in a state of 75 million Roman Catholics. the world’s 3rd largest Catholic population. Garcia is known beyond Cebu. Pope John Paul II blessed his Santo Nino during Garcia’s visit to the pope’s summer abode. Castel Gandolfo. in 1990. Recently Garcia helped direct the installing of Cebu’s newest archbishop in a cathedral filled with Catholic leaders. including 400 p riests and 70 bishops. among them the Vatican’s embassador. Garcia is so good known that to happen his church. the Society of the Angels of Peace. I need merely roll down my window and ask. Monsignor Cris? to be pointed toward his walled compound. Some Filipinos believe the Santo Nino de Cebu is Christ himself. Sixteenth-century Spaniards declared the icon to be marvelous and used it to change over the state. doing this individual wooden statue. housed today behind unassailable glass in Cebu’s Basilica Minore del Santo Nino. the root from which all Filipino Catholicism has grown. Earlier this twelvemonth a local priest was asked to vacate after allegedly reding his parishioners that the Santo Nino and images of the Virgin Mary and other saints were simply statues made of wood and cement. Each January some two million faithful converge on Cebu to walk for hours in emanation with the Santo Nino de Cebu. Most carry illumination Santo Nino icons made of fibreglass or wood. Many believe that what you invest in devotedness to your ain icon determines what blessings you will have in return. For some. so. a fibreglass or wooden icon is non plenty. For them. the stuff of pick is elephant tusk. After the service I tell Garcia I’m from National Geographic. and we set a day of the month to speak about the Santo Nino. His antechamber is a mini-museum dominated by big. glass-encased spiritual figures whose caputs and custodies are made of tusk: There is an ivory Our Lady of the Rosary keeping an tusk Jesus in one. a near-life-size tusk Mother of the Good Shepherd seated beside an tusk Jesus in another. Following to Garcia’s desk a solid tusk Christ bents on a cross. Filipinos by and large display two types of tusk Santos: either solid carvings or images whose caputs and custodies. sometimes lifesize. are ivory. while the organic structure is wood. supplying a base for munificent nesss and vestments. Garcia is the leader of a group of outstanding Santo Nino aggregators who display their icons during the Feast of the Santo Nino in some of Cebu’s best shopping promenades and hotels. When they met to discourse offic ially integrating their nine. an lawyer member cried out to the group. You can pay me in tusk! I tell Garcia I want to purchase an tusk Santo Nino in a dormant place. Like this. I say. touching a finger to my lower lip. Garcia puts a finger to his lip excessively. Dormidostyle. he says approvingly. My end in meeting Garcia is to understand his country’s tusk trade and perchance acquire a lead on who was behind 5. 4 dozenss of illegal tusk seized by imposts agents in Manila in 2009. 7. 7 dozenss seized at that place in 2005. and 6. 1 dozenss edge for the Philippines seized by Taiwan in 2006. Assuming an norm of 22 lbs of tusk per elephant. these ictuss represent about 1. 745 elephants. Harmonizing to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ( CITES ) . the pact organisation that sets international wildlife trade policy. the Philippines is simply a theodolite state for tusk headed to China. But CITES has limited resources. Until last twelvemonth it employed merely one enforcement officer to patrol more than 30. 000 animate being and works species. Its appraisal of the Philippines doesn’t square with what Jose Yuchongco. head of the Philippine imposts constabulary. told a Manila newspaper non long after doing a major ictus in 2009: The Philippines is a favourite finish of these smuggled elephant ivories. possibly because Filipino Catholics are fond of images of saints that are made of tusk. On Cebu the nexus between tusk and the church is so strong that the word for tusk. garing. has a 2nd significance: religious statue. Mentions: * hypertext transfer protocol: //www. endangeredspecie. com/causes_of_endangerment. htm * hypertext transfer protocol: //www. femalenetwork. com/news-features/wildlife-at-risk-20-endangered-species-found-in-the-philippines * hypertext transfer protocol: //www. globalwarmingandu. com/endangered-species/Effects-Of-Endangered-Species. hypertext markup language * hypertext transfer protocol: //www. ehow. com/info_8133925_effects-endangered-species-humans. hypertext markup language * hypertext transfer protocol: //tl. replies. com/Q/What_is_the_causes_of_endangered_species_in_the_philippines * hypertext transfer protocol: //www. thepoc. net/thepoc-features/what-on-earth/what-on-earth-features/15732-illegal-exotic-pets-in-the-philippines. hypertext markup language *

Nursery School Teachers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursery School Teachers - Essay Example The two observations were based in a nursery in East London; the setting provides a safe learning environment for over 200 children. The observation was done on children aged from 4 years upwards, three boys, three girls from different backgrounds and culture. The activities were based on drawing, writing, painting and finding insects in the school garden. One activity was done inside the premises and the other activity was done both outside and indoors. Each of these two activities had to link emergent literacy. According to Sulzby, (1989) that emergent literacy is the reading and writing behaviours.. According to Sulzby & Teale (1996, p.728) that, "Emergent literacy is concerned with the earliest phases of literacy development, the period between birth and the time when children read and write conventionally. The term emergent literacy signals a belief that, in a literate society, young children even 1 and 2 year-olds is in the process of becoming literate." The observations The re ception class had been working on a topic about mini beasts which had involved searching for wildlife in the school garden and examining the animals closely in order to help the students identify and name them. The purpose of the session was to develop the children’s observation, social and reporting skills. ... Once the children placed the woodlice, snails and spiders in their bug boxes, the children they took out their microscopes and then started to put them against their eyes while they looked through it to see their bugs. Some children counted the number of legs on the insects, the eyes, colour, size and shape of the insects. While the children were sitting outside, they started talking about how some insects live in the dirty and how cold the insects must feel. The children responded to this with a wry and why do not they live in a house. After the session in the garden with the microscopes and the bug boxes, the children were encouraged to write about their investigations. Identifying and developing the different skills She implemented strategies for both the mini beast and painting activity to encourage independent writing from the pupils, this was done by valuing children’s emergent writing. This strategy valuing children’s work and theory is called a Humanistic Approa ch. According to Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow, John Holt, Malcolm Knowles and Kolb all believed in this approach to learning. According to Bill Huitt, it is the approach upon the development of the child’s self concept; if children feel good within themselves then this is a positive start for progression to self development, which Maslow, recognised this as the â€Å"self actualisation†. She explained to the children before allowing them to start the two activities, what they both consisted of and then read out the task instructions. This was read out clearly, stimulus and from that it allowed children to be able to follow it easier. Freud’s, psychoanalytical theory states that emotional stimulation is the important aspect that

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Case Study Essay

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Case Study - Essay Example Customer relationship management (CRM) is an approach to managing a company's interaction with current and potential future customers. It tries to analyze data about customers' history with a company and to improve business relationships with customers, specifically focusing on customer retention and ultimately driving sales growth. This essay approves that overly can link a branch’s revenues with the level of successful CRM achieved by the use of Oracle CRM technology, which can, in turn, be assessed from the customer satisfaction assessment surveys. In this strategy, the branch that has the most satisfied customers gains a larger share in the profit as compared to others. This would motivate the leaders to take the necessary steps to incorporate the Oracle CRM technology in the organizational work setup. No change is effective without a carefully designed change management plan in place. This paper makes a conclusion that the branch managers should conduct meetings with their staff to make them aware of the need and significance of incorporating the Oracle CRM technology in the work setup so that the subordinates understand them and do the needful to make the plan useful and effective. In addition to that, Overly needs to provide the staff at all branches with the training and education required to operate the portal. Providing the staff with an opportunity of maximizing their earnings and gaining training and education for free are some of the most effective ways of quick development of an enterprise-wide CRM mechanism.

Causes and Effects of Alcohol Essay Example for Free

Causes and Effects of Alcohol Essay Many cultures use alcohol as a social drink and a way to relax. People also drink alcohol for different causes. For example: loneliness caused by life changes, to face with depression, influence of older friends or parents. The ethyl alcohol or ethanol, in alcoholic drinks such as beer, wine and liquor is a central nervous depressant, which has short-term and long-term effects on the body. First of all, Loneliness caused by life changes, such as failing health, the death of loved ones or moving to a different home a family history of drinking or alcohol abuse or who spend time with others who drink may be more likely to drink alcohol. Alcohol and the Body * When you drink alcohol, your bloodstream absorbs the alcohol from your stomach and small intestine. Your liver only metabolizes a small amount of alcohol at a time; the rest continues to flow through your bloodstream. Excess alcohol traveling through the bloodstream depresses the central nervous system, causing symptoms such as drowsiness and slowed reaction time. Intoxication * If you drink more alcohol than your body can metabolize, you will become intoxicated. Symptoms of intoxication, also called getting drunk, include poor judgment, slurred speech, loss of balance, feeling of warmth and an increased risk of injury. If you drink too much alcohol at once, you could go into a coma or die. However, these symptoms and their severity differ from person to person; how alcohol affects your body depends upon your age, gender, ethnicity, heredity, physical condition, how quickly you drink alcohol, whether youve eaten food while drinking and whether youve taken prescription drugs or other drugs. Long-Term Effects * The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that women not exceed one drink per day and men not exceed two drinks per day. Drinking too much alcohol has negative health effects over time. For example, drinking too much increases your risks of some types of cancer, brain damage, and liver damage and immune system problems. It also makes some health problems worse, such as osteoporosis, ulcers, diabetes and high blood pressure. People who abuse alcohol may also have problems at school, work or home, have a higher risk of driving drunk or become physically dependent on alcohol. Warning * Even moderate drinking isnt safe for everyone. Children, adolescents, pregnant women, people who plan to drive or operate machinery, people who cannot limit their drinking and people taking certain medications should not drink any alcohol. Impairment of motor functions begins at a lower level than the legal limit for intoxication, so its safest to avoid drinking completely before driving.

Lou Cannons Reagan :: essays research papers

Book Review – Reagan by Lou Cannon Preliminary Information   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book is titled Reagan. Lou Cannon is the author. There are 464 pages in the book, and it was published in 1982. Subject Matter/Topic   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reagan is a biography of former president Ronald Reagan, the 40th president of the United States. The book discusses in detail all the events of his life, from his birth to his election to presidency. Point of View   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cannon writes in the third person, largely objective narrator. He is writing not from the point of view of a Reagan supporter or and employee of his administration, but from the perspective of an objective reporter. Cannon was the White House corespondent for The Washington Post. Most of the book Cannon merely tells the facts of Reagan’s life without throwing in any of his own thoughts. While Reagan mostly deals with the positive aspects of Reagan’s life, Cannon doesn’t shy away from talking about the negative parts of his life, such as his firing from his radio announcing job. Cannon also discusses Reagan’s many failures as an actor, while at the same time mentioning his successes too. Cannon writes about his political defeats, such as his failure to win nomination for president in 1976, while also writing about his many political victories, such as being elected governor of California, and President of the United States. Overall, Cann on writes with a detached, objective point of view. He balances all of the positives and negatives of Reagan’s life, giving equal time to each. Summary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reagan is an in-depth biography of Ronald Reagan. This definitive biography explores every aspect of Reagan’s life, and all of his successes and failures. The overriding theme in the book is that of Reagan’s determination and never give up attitude.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cannon begins the book by discussing Reagan’s humble beginnings. He was born in the front bedroom of a five-bedroom flat above the general store where his father worked, near Tampico, Illinois. He spent his childhood in a succession of small Indiana towns. His family was very poor, but not quite living in poverty. They came close to being crushed by the Depression. His father, Jack Reagan, was an Irish-Catholic, but only their first son, Ronald’s brother Neil, was baptized a Catholic. Jack was a hard-worker, but struggled with alcoholism throughout his life. His mother Nelle was a very moral and dignified woman. She encouraged her children to get a good education so they could have a better life. Lou Cannon's Reagan :: essays research papers Book Review – Reagan by Lou Cannon Preliminary Information   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book is titled Reagan. Lou Cannon is the author. There are 464 pages in the book, and it was published in 1982. Subject Matter/Topic   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reagan is a biography of former president Ronald Reagan, the 40th president of the United States. The book discusses in detail all the events of his life, from his birth to his election to presidency. Point of View   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cannon writes in the third person, largely objective narrator. He is writing not from the point of view of a Reagan supporter or and employee of his administration, but from the perspective of an objective reporter. Cannon was the White House corespondent for The Washington Post. Most of the book Cannon merely tells the facts of Reagan’s life without throwing in any of his own thoughts. While Reagan mostly deals with the positive aspects of Reagan’s life, Cannon doesn’t shy away from talking about the negative parts of his life, such as his firing from his radio announcing job. Cannon also discusses Reagan’s many failures as an actor, while at the same time mentioning his successes too. Cannon writes about his political defeats, such as his failure to win nomination for president in 1976, while also writing about his many political victories, such as being elected governor of California, and President of the United States. Overall, Cann on writes with a detached, objective point of view. He balances all of the positives and negatives of Reagan’s life, giving equal time to each. Summary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reagan is an in-depth biography of Ronald Reagan. This definitive biography explores every aspect of Reagan’s life, and all of his successes and failures. The overriding theme in the book is that of Reagan’s determination and never give up attitude.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cannon begins the book by discussing Reagan’s humble beginnings. He was born in the front bedroom of a five-bedroom flat above the general store where his father worked, near Tampico, Illinois. He spent his childhood in a succession of small Indiana towns. His family was very poor, but not quite living in poverty. They came close to being crushed by the Depression. His father, Jack Reagan, was an Irish-Catholic, but only their first son, Ronald’s brother Neil, was baptized a Catholic. Jack was a hard-worker, but struggled with alcoholism throughout his life. His mother Nelle was a very moral and dignified woman. She encouraged her children to get a good education so they could have a better life.

Biomedical Technology In Ethics and Religion

here are many misconceptions in biomedical genealogy, mostly caused by the many viewpoints and opinions concerning it. When formulating opinions and viewpoints, it Is crucial to be properly educated about that particular topic. The lack of knowledge and moral dispute may hinder clientele research. Although critics argue that it is unethical to manipulate DNA, with genetic manipulation, certain diseases can be eliminated, and cloning holds the ability to produce human organs viable for transplant.Critics argue that it Is unethical to manipulate DNA Some say it Is dangerous because there Is not much knowledge about it. However, genetic manipulation is not a new concept. Some may say that Hitler had this idea before most scientists. An Aryan race is what Hitler striver for. If only he knew that his idea of deciding what genes people receive would carry on even to this day. Scientists are discovering new ways to control what traits are passed through heredity. In the future parents may g et to decide what traits their children receive.This breakthrough in technology is very controversial. â€Å"Some critics continue to argue that it's unethical to manipulate the genetic makeup of human eggs even if here Specter of Human Cloning†). Many religious and moral leaders believe that manipulating DNA crosses a boundary that only God has the right to cross. Many also believe that scientists should not use human embryo in testing because it is wasting human life. Scientists are developing new tests that can determine whether or not a child has a birth defect or disability very early on In pregnancy.In this, parents can decide if they would like to keep their child or not. Religious and ethical people are outraged at such tests because they believe that human life should not be a choice. The problem is that researchers aren't allowed to use human embryo in such tests, Knish said, so Instead, they use animal embryo†(Peeler 6). The conflict with using animal embryo, Is that scientists do not get the same results as they would if they were to use human embryo. People expect exact results and breakthrough discoveries but they are not willing to pay the price.Genetic manipulation holds the chance that certain diseases can be eliminated. This Is one of the many benefits that come with genetic manipulation. Some say that scientists are finding new ways to control what traits get passed through heredity. If that is so, scientists can make the traits that carry heritable diseases vanish. If scientists can manipulate DNA to relinquish the formation of certain diseases, they will know what causes that disease. This advancement will not only prevent people from obtaining disease but will also eliminate It In people who already have It. We will see disease eliminated in the future, or we will witness the creation of new and 1 OFF unleashed†(Decolletage 75). Some believe that once technology goes so far it will be an unstoppable, dangerous force. Ma ny think that scientists manipulating DNA is imply too far. â€Å"Can we, however, ignore opportunities to improve human health†(Decolletage 51). What if no one in the world had cancer, down syndrome, or other disabilities and diseases? People would not oppose research so much if they knew what the outcome would be. People are afraid to take risks; they do not want to put their fate in someone else's hands.What if those hands cured illness and disease? In addition, new biomedical technology such as cloning holds the possibility of cloning human organs that are viable for transplant. Thousands of people each year die because of organ shortages. Cloning human organs can eliminate this epidemic. If organs can be specially made for each individual who needs one, organ transplant waiting lists can be eliminated. â€Å"†¦ An average of 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that can't take place because of the shortage of donated organs†(â€Å"The Need Is Real: Data†).These deaths can be prevented by cloning. However, many people believe that cloning is very unethical and goes against religion. This hinders the formation of cloning and holds back scientists from imperative research. The lack of support given by the people for cloning research impedes government and local ending and aid. The delay in funding and aid creates a rift in research. Many people support biomedical technology and cloning, but only to a certain extent. Most religious people are concerned about cloning because they believe that only God has the right to give and take life in any form.In reality, fear and the lack of knowledge inhibit many religious and ethical people from supporting the idea of cloning. â€Å"If we hope to direct the course of this powerful technology, we should strive to learn as much as we can about these molecular tools and then let scientists and corporations know our wishes. Only then can we truly expect to avoid the risks and enjoy the progress and the promises of our genetic future†(Decolletage 112). Advocates and antagonists both need to strive for further knowledge about this subject in order to tell scientists exactly what they want.How can scientists know how far to take their new technology, if no one has the correct knowledge to tell them where is too far? In conclusion, there are many opinions and viewpoints on the topic of biomedical technology. These can help but they can also hinder scientific research in many ways. One of which is the opinion of religious and ethical people. These people can bring up valid points and bring forth new thoughts and useful ideas about biomedical technology, but they can also let their personal views get in the way.Often times the opinions of religious and ethical people are blurred or disrupted by their personal views. This can lead to extremist views that believe all biomedical technology goes against religion and is unethical. Many people will align themselves with one ideal or theology without educating themselves and considering other viewpoints. In order for both sides of this debate to reach a compromise there must be an open forum of to only communication but also education between both parties.

Top 10 Beginning French Mistakes

When you start learning French, theres a lot to remember - new vocabulary, all kinds of verb conjugations, strange spelling. Just about everything is different. Its normal to make mistakes, but its in your best interest to try to fix them as soon as possible. The longer you make the same mistake, the harder it will be for you to get it right later on. With this in mind, this article discusses the most common French mistakes made by beginners, so that you can fix these problems right from the beginning. Gender In French, all nouns have a gender, either masculine or feminine. This can be a difficult concept for English speakers, but its non-negotiable. You need to learn vocabulary with either a definite or indefinite article so that you learn the gender of each word with the word itself. Getting the gender of a word wrong can lead to confusion at best and a completely different meaning at worst since some words have different meanings depending on their gender. Accents French accents indicate the correct pronunciation of a word and are required, not optional. Therefore, you need to make an effort to learn what they mean, which words they are found in, and how to type them. Study my accents lesson so that you know what each accent indicates. (Note in particular that à § never precedes e or i). Then look at my typing French accents page to choose between the various methods to type them on your computer. To Be Although the literal French equivalent of to be is à ªtre, there are numerous French expressions that use the verb avoir (to have) instead, such as avoir faim - to be hungry, and some that use faire (to do, make), like faire beau - to be nice weather. Take the time to memorize and practice these expressions so that you get them right, right from the beginning. Contractions In French, contractions are required. Whenever a short word like je, me, te, le, la, or ne is followed by a word that begins with a vowel or H muet, the short word drops the final vowel, adds an apostrophe, and attaches itself to the following word. This is not optional, as it is in English - French contractions are required. Thus, you should never say je aime or le ami - it is always jaime and lami. Contractions never occur in front of a consonant in French (except H muet). H The French H comes in two varieties: aspirà © and muet. Although they sound the same (that is, they are both silent), there is an important difference: one acts like a consonant and the other acts as a vowel. The H aspirà © (aspirated H) acts like a consonant, meaning that it does not allow contractions or liaisons. The H muet (mute H), on the other hand, is just the opposite: it requires contractions and liaisons. Making vocabulary lists with a definite article will help you remember which H is which, such as le homard (H aspirà ©) vs lhomme (H muet). Que Que, or that, is required in French sentences with a subordinate clause. That is, in any sentence that has one subject introducing another,  que  must join the two clauses. This  que  is known as a conjunction. The trouble is that in English this conjunction is sometimes optional. For example,  Je sais que tu es intelligent  can be translated as I know that youre intelligent, or simply I know youre intelligent. Another example:  Il pense que jaime les chiens  - He thinks (that) I like dogs. Auxiliary verbs The French past tense,  le passà © composà ©, is conjugated with an auxiliary verb, either  avoir  or  Ãƒ ªtre. This shouldnt be too difficult, as the verbs which take  Ãƒ ªtre  include reflexive verbs and a shortlist of non-reflexive ones. Take the time to memorize the list of  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs, and then your auxiliary verb problems will be solved. Tu and Vous French has two words for you, and the difference between them is pretty distinct.  Vous  is plural - if there is more than one of anything, always use  vous. Aside from that, the difference has to do with closeness and friendliness versus distance and respect. Read my  tu  vs  vous  lesson for a detailed description and numerous examples. Capitalization Capitalization is much less common in French than in English. The first person singular subject pronoun (je), days of the week, months of the year, and languages are  not  capitalized in French. See the lesson for a few other common categories of French terms which are capitalized in English but not in French. Cettes Cette  is the singular feminine form of the demonstrative adjective  ce  (ce garà §on  - this boy,  cette fille  - this girl) and beginners often make the mistake of using cettes as the plural feminine, but in fact this word does not exist.  Ces  is the plural for both masculine and feminine:  ces garà §ons  - these boys,  ces filles  - these girls.